Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research

Original Research Article | OPEN ACCESS

Isolation and identification of the chemical ingredients of Prosopis farcta leaf extract using 13C and 1H-NMR spectroscopy

Sabah H Akrawi¹ , Mahesh Attimarad¹, Bandar Al-Dhubaib¹, Kawkab Saoor², Hany Ezzat Khalil?^1,3

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa ??31982, Saudi Arabia; ²College of Pharmacy, Baghdad University, Iraq; ³Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt.

For correspondence:- Sabah Akrawi Email: sakrawi@kfu.edu.sa Tel:+966504922094

Accepted: 27 October 2021 Published: 30 December 2021

Citation: Akrawi SH, Attimarad M, Al-Dhubaib B, Saoor K, Khalil? HE. Isolation and identification of the chemical ingredients of Prosopis farcta leaf extract using 13C and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Trop J Pharm Res 2021; 20(12):2559-2565 doi: 10.4314/tjpr.v20i12.15

© 2021 The authors.
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Abstract

Purpose: To determine the chemical constituents of the aqueous and alcohol extracts of Prosopis farcta leaves.

Methods: Air-dried leaves of P. farcta (500 g) were cleaned and extracted with distilled water five times for 6 weeks to obtain the aqueous extract (fraction I), and later with 75 % ethanol five times for 6 weeks to obtain the alcohol extract (fraction II). The constituents presented in the aqueous and alcohol extracts were separated by thin-layer chromatography using silica gel GF 254 and different solving systems. The total phenolic content of the extract was expressed in terms of Gallic acid in mg per gram of extract. Finally, the aqueous extract was subjected to column chromatography and the structures of different constituents were confirmed using ¹³C, ¹H-NMR, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy.

Results: Chemical tests, thin-layer chromatography, and IR results showed that P. farcta extract contains gum, mucilage, tannins, proteins, amino acids, and nitrogenous compounds. The calibration curve (y = 0.5516 + 0.0017, r² = 0.9983) was constructed using serial dilutions of Gallic in distilled water; the total phenolic content was found to be 219 mg of Gallic acid per gram of extract. ¹³C and ¹H-NMR showed that P. farcta leaf extract contains β-sitosterol and hesperidin.

Conclusion: P. farcta leaf extract contains two alkaloids and other nutritional components that may be beneficial for herbal medicine and nutrition purposes.

Keywords: Prosopis farcta, NMR, IR spectroscopy, ?-Sitosterol, hesperidin